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Therefore, in addition to stress frequency, differences in stress perception and coping strategies should be considered as factors causing or deteriorating stress symptoms in patients with CP/CPPS. Coping strategies refer to cognitive and behavioral efforts that are used to satisfy external or internal demands, and they have been known to act as regulators between stress and psychological disorders or physical diseases. That is, individual coping strategies for each stress and cognitive assessment of stress have been suggested to significantly affect stress progression.

The severity of stress has been reported to depend on individual perception or subjective interpretation of causative factors rather than on the contents or frequency of factors causing stress. It has also been suggested that stress is a potent factor in the development, prolongation, and perpetuation of the symptoms in the condition known generally as chronic prostatitis. It has been suggested that there are significant psychological components to this condition, because most CP/CPPS patients have depression and anxiety. Various theories have been hypothesized, such as inflammation, pathogen and host-specific factors, pelvic floor tension myalgia, and differences in systemic pressure sensitivity. However, the etiology of CP/CPPS is uncertain.

CP/CPPS presents with various voiding symptoms, perineal or suprapubic pain, erectile dysfunction or sexual disturbance, and psychological problems such as depression and anxiety that have a negative impact on health-related quality of life. Its prevalence ranges from 9 to 16% worldwide and from 5 to 25% in Korea. Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) is a common male chronic pain condition.